References on the Administration of Prostaglandins Using
ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

P7704 Cattaneo,M.G., Pola,S., Deho,V., Sanguini,A.M., Vicentini,L.M. Alprostadil suppresses angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo in the murine Matrigel plug assay. Br.J.Pharmacol. 2003/1; 138(-2-):377-385. >>> Prostaglandin E1; cyclodextrin; Saline, isotonic; SC; Mice; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (C57/BL6, female, 6-8 weeks old).

P6225 Brault,S., Martinez-Bermudez,A.K., Marrache,A.M., Gobeil,F.Jr, Hou,X., Beauchamp,M., Quiniou,C., Almazan,G., Lachance,C., Roberts,J.II, Varma,D.R., Chemtob,S. Selective neuromicrovascular endothelial cell death by 8-iso-prostaglandin F-2 alpha - Possible role in ischemic brain injury. Stroke 2003; 34(-3-):776-782. >>> Hydrogen Peroxide; Prostaglandin F2 alpha, 8-Iso-; CGS12970; U-46619; Urotensin II; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (thromboxane A2 synthase); cardiovascular; peptides; U46619 is a thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor; ischemia (cerebral).

P5346 Lyons,C.A., Beharry,K.D., Nishihara,K.C., Akmal,Y., Ren,Z.Y., Chang,E., Nageotte,M.P. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (type IV collagenases) and their inhibitors in the virgin, timed pregnant, and postpartum rat uterus and cervix by prostaglandin E-2-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002; 187(-1-):202-208. >>> Prostaglandin E2; IV (femoral); Rat; Rat (pregnant); 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline; catheter was filled with enough saline to provide a 3 hour recovery prior to onset of PGE2 delivery.

P5041 Yoshida,K., Oida,H., Kobayashi,T., Maruyama,T., Tanaka,M., Katayama,T., Yamaguchi,K., Segi,E., Tsuboyama,T., Matsushita,M., Ito,K., Ito,Y., Sugimoto,Y., Ushikubi,F., Ohuchida,S., Kondo,K., Nakamura,T., Narumiya,S. Stimulation of bone formation and prevention of bone loss by prostaglandin E EP4 receptor activation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2002; 99(-7-):4580-4585. >>> Prostaglandin E2; DI-004; AE1-259; AE-248; AE1-329; Ethanol; propylene glycol; bone (femur); mice; 1002; 6 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; vehicle was 40% ethanol, 60% propylene glycol. DI-004, AE1-259, AE-248, and AE1-329 are agonists for Prostaglandin E receptor subtypes: EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, respectively.

P3029 Vanderwall,D.K., Woods,G.L., Weber,J.A., Lichtenwalner,A.B. Corpus luteal function in nonpregnant mares following intrauterine administration of prostaglandin E2 or estradiol-17B. Theriogenology 1994; 42(--):1069-1083. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Estradiol, 17B-; Ethanol; PBS; intrauterine; horse; 2001; 7 days; controls received no treatment or mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (uterine horn lumen); no stress (see pg. 1078); benzathine penicillin-G given prophylactically.

P2527 Miller,S.C., Marks,S.C. Local stimulation of new bone formation by prostaglandin E1: quantitative histomorphometry and comparison of delivery by minipumps and controlled-release pellets. Bone 1993; 14(--):143-151. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Emulphor; Ethanol; bone (mandible); dog; 3 weeks; controls received undiluted vehicle which was 1:1 mixture of Emulphor:80% ETOH; tissue perfusion (bone); comparison of pellets vs. mp; pumps replaced weekly; authors state that subperiosteal bone formation was greater for comparable doses when PGE1 was delivered by minipumps as compared to pellets.

P3311 Marks Jr,S.C., Larson,E.K., Bowman,B.M., Miller,S.C. Local induction of alveolar bone in adult dogs by infusion of prostaglandin E1. Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement and Craniofacial Adaptation 1992; (--):137-143. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Emulphor; Ethanol; bone (mandible); dog; 3 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (bone); comparison of pellets vs. mp; pumps replaced weekly; "...we estimated that PGE delivered by minipump produces 25 to 30% more bone than the same amount of starting material delivered by pellet." (p.139).

P1917 Kahky,M.P., Lind,D.S., Cruz,A.B., Gaskill,H.V. Prostaglandin E1 enhances tumoricidal activity of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine in rats. J.Surg.Res. 1991; 51(--):119-123. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Uridine, fluorodeoxy-; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; stability confirmed for both agents in pumps for 7 days at ph 7.4.

P3140 Marks,S.C., Miller,S.C. Site-directed formation of new lamellar bone in adult dogs by infusion of prostaglandin E1. In ' Fundamentals of bone growth : methodology and applications', A.D.Dixon, B.G.Sarnat and D.A.N.Hoyte (eds), CRC Press, Boca Raton 1990; (-Chp. 37-):375-381. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Emulphor; Ethanol; bone (mandible); dog; 5 weeks; control side of mandible received mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (bone); long-term study, pumps replaced weekly; each dog served as its own control -- one mp with PGE1 to one side and one with vehicle to the other side of mandible; pump implanted in superficial neck tissues; dogs given penicillin orally (100,000 U/d) for first post-operative week.

P3077 Zelinski-Wooten,M.B., Stouffer,R.L. Intraluteal infusions of prostaglandins of the E, D, I, and A series prevent PGF2a-induced, but not spontaneous, luteal regression in rhesus monkeys. Biol.Reprod. 1990; 43(--):507-516. >>> Prostaglandin A2; Prostaglandin E2; Prostaglandin D2; Prostaglandin I1, 6b-; Prostaglandin F2a THAM salt; Albumin, bovine serum; Ethanol; Water, distilled; intraovarian (corpus luteum); monkey; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp with saline +/- BSA; tissue perfusion (corpus luteum); functionality of mp verified by residual volume; pumps replaced until onset of menses; stability verified by in vitro testing -- see pp. 509-510; good methods; ALZAID test kit used; agents infused singly and with PGF2a; degradation of PGE2&PGD2 occurred.

P3028 Marks Jr,S.C., Miller,S.C. Local infusion of prostaglandin E1 stimulates mandibular bone formation in vivo. J.Oral Pathol. 1988; 17(--):500-505. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Emulphor; Ethanol; bone (mandible); dog; 3 weeks; controls received mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (bone); pumps replaced weekly; stability: 70% of original activity after 1 week at 37 degrees C; penicillin given for 1 week post-surgery.

P1418 Gaskill III,H.V. Continuous infusion of tumor necrosis factor: mechanisms of toxicity in the rat. J.Surg.Res. 1988; 44(--):664-671. >>> Tumor necrosis factor, human; Prostaglandin E1; Albumin, rat serum; Saline; Triacetin; IP; rat; 2ML1; 5 days; Multiple pumps per animal (2); PGE1 and TNF concomitantly infused; cancer/immunology; toxicology/teratology; peptides.

P1369 Tawfik,O.W., Dey,S.K. Further evidence for role of leukotrienes as mediators of decidualization in the rat. Prostaglandins 1988; 35(-3-):379-386. >>> FPL-55712; Guaiaretic acid, nordihydro-; Leukotriene, C4; Prostaglandin E2; Ethanol; Propylene glycol; Saline; Water; intrauterine; rat; 2001; 1, 4 days; tissue perfusion (uterus); FPL-55712 is a leukotriene antagonist.

P1358 Engstrom,T., Atke,A., Vilhardt,H. Oxytocin receptors and contractile response of the myometrium after long term infusion of prostaglandin F2a, indomethacin, oxytocin and an oxytocin antagonist in rats. Regul.Pept. 1988; 20(--):65-72. >>> Oxytocin, desamino-; Oxytocin; Prostaglandin F2a; Saline; IP; rat; 2001; 5 days; peptides.

P1125 Gaskill,H.V. Intraportal prostaglandin E1 ameliorates the toxicity of intraportal 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine in rats. J.Surg.Res. 1987; 43(-2-):128-132. >>> Uridine, fluorodeoxy-; Prostaglandin E1; Saline; IV (hepatic portal); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/ saline; mp connected to catheter in portal vein; concomitant and simultaneous infusion of agents; cancer; toxicology.

P1204 Schlegel,W., Doren,M., Cirkel,U., Schneider,H.P.G. Effect of continuous intrauterine administration of prostaglandin F2alpha and indomethacin on fertilization of rabbits. Horm.Metab.Res. 1986; 18(--):457-461. >>> Indomethacin; Prostaglandin F2a; HCl; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; intrauterine; rabbit; 2002; 11 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; separate and simultaneous infusion of agents; comparison of agents effects; NaOH, HCl and saline were used in combination as the vehicle for indomethacin; many different exp.; tissue perfusion (cornua of uterus).

P1092 Younger,E.W., Szabo,R.M. The stability of prostaglandin E1 in dilute physiological solutions at 37 degrees C. J.Prostaglandins 1986; 31(-5-):923-927. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Ethanol; Saline; Water; no duration posted; mp not used, different vehicles were tested w/PGE1 to ascertain which was the best for use in mp; stability of PGE1 in various vehicles at 37 degrees C; peptides.

P1031 Doktorcik,P.E., Kennedy,T.G. 6-Keto-prostaglandin E1 and the decidual cell reaction in rats. Prostaglandins 1986; 32(-5-):679-689. >>> Indomethacin; Prostaglandin E1; Prostaglandin E2; Ethanol; Gelatin; PBS; intrauterine; rat; 2001; 5 days; mp w/vehicle; dose-response; indomethacin infused with prostaglandin E1 in one group and with prostaglandin E2 in another group; tissue perfusion (uterus).

P0972 Nagamatsu,T., Suzuki,Y. Antinephritic effect of prostaglandin E1 on serum sickness nephritis in rats (3) suppression of leukocytes by prostaglandin E1 as a mechanism for preventing immune comlex glomerulonephritis. Jpn.J.Pharmacol. 1986; 42(--):109-116. >>> Prostaglandin E1 a-cyclodextrin; Ethanol; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 3 weeks; pumps replaced every week; controls received mp w/vehicle; immunology.

P0794 Kennedy,T.G. Intrauterine infusion of prostaglandins and decidualization in rats with uteri differentially sensitized for the decidual cell reaction. Biol.Reprod. 1986; 34(-2-):327-335. >>> Indomethacin; Prostaglandin E2; Prostaglandin F2a; Ethanol; Gelatin; PBS; intrauterine; rat; 2001; 5 days; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); controls received mp w/ vehicle; estradiol and progesterone injected sc w/ mp PG infusion; vehicle contained indomethacin to reduce PG synthesis; tissue perfusion (uterus).

P0773 Lifschitz,M.D. Prostaglandins may mediate chloride concentration gradient across domes formed by MDCK1 cells. Am.J.Physiol. 1986; 250(--):F525-F531. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Glycine; in vitro (cell culture); 2002; 5 hours; mp infusion in culture dish to continually add PGE2 to MDCK cell culture.

P2461 Gaskill lll,H.V., Cruz Jr,A.B., Aust,J.B. Gastrointestinal toxicity of regional 2-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (FUDR): a study of prophylaxis and potential mechanisms in the rat. Surg.Forum 1985; 25(--):398-400. >>> Uridine, fluorodeoxy-; Prostaglandin E1; IV (hepatic portal); rat; 2ML1; 1 week; controls received mp w/ buffer; cancer; toxicology.

P0739 Kennedy,T.G. Evidence for the involvement of prostaglandins throughout the decidual cell reaction in the rat. Biol.Reprod. 1985; 33(--):140-146. >>> Indomethacin; Prostaglandin E2; Prostaglandin F2a; Ethanol; PBS; intrauterine; rat; 2001; 5 days; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); pumps primed overnight in saline; sc adminis. of agents in comb. w/mp infusion; separate and simultaneous infusion of agents; tissue perfusion (uterus).

P0608 Voegeli,T.L., Chapman,M.W. Utilization of prostaglandins in fracture healing. Presented at the 31st Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, Jan.21-24, Las Vegas, NV 1985; (--):134-. >>> Prostaglandin E1; Prostaglandin E2; Triacetin; bone (tibia); rabbit; 4 weeks; mp model not stated; no stress p. 134 - no morbidity or mortality; tissue perfusion.

P1215 Auletta,F.J., Kamps,D.L., Wesley,M., Gibson,M. Luteolysis in the rhesus monkey: ovarian venous estrogen, progesterone, and prostaglandin F2a-metabolite. Prostaglandins 1984; 27(-2-):299-310. >>> Prostaglandin F2a; intraovarian (corpus luteum); monkey; no duration posted; paper cites mp used in preliminary study; tissue perfusion.

P1017 Jasmin,G., Proschek,L. Calcium and myocardial cell injury. An appraisal in the cardiomyopathic hamster. J.Physiol.Pharmacol. 1984; 62(--):891-898. >>> EP-459; EP-475; Prostaglandin E2, dimethyl-; DMSO; SC; hamster; 2001; no duration posted; pumps replaced weekly; agents infused separately and simultaneously; peptides; EP-459 and EP-475 are thiol protease inhbitors.

P0578 Nagamatsu,T., Saitoh,N., Suzuki,Y., Ikuta,K., Aoki,S. Studies on experimental immune complex nephritis : (3) therapeutic effect of prostaglandin E1 a-cyclodextrin host molecule (PGE1.CD) on serum sickness nephritis in rats. Jpn.J.Pharmacol. 1984; 35(-4-):407-414. >>> Prostaglandin E1 a-cyclodextrin; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 10 days; comparison of 2x daily sc injec vs. mp infusion.

P0481 Auletta,F.J., Kamps,D.L., Pories,S., Bisset,J., Gibson,M. An intra-corpus luteum site for the luteolytic action of prostaglandin F2a in the rhesus monkey. Prostaglandins 1984; 27(-2-):285-298. >>> Prostaglandin F2a; Saline; Tromethamine (THAM); intraovarian (corpus luteum); intraovarian (stroma); SC; monkey; 1701; about 17 days; pumps replaced after 7 days; tissue perfusion (corpus luteum&ovarian stroma).

P0413 Kennedy,T.G., Lukash,L.A. Induction of decidualization in rats by the intrauterine infusion of prostaglandins. Biol.Reprod. 1982; 27(-1-):253-260. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Prostaglandin F2a; Ethanol; Gelatin; PBS; intrauterine; rat; 2001; 4 days; comparison of agents effects; pumps filled eve prior to use, stored at 4 deg. C in saline; PGE2 and PGF2a used alone and in combination; tissue perfusion (uterus).

P0290 Wilks,J.W. Comparison of three subcutaneous modes of prostaglandin-F2a administration for pregnancy termination in the hamster. Prostaglandins 1982; 24(-6-):837-842. >>> Prostaglandin F2a tromethamine salt; SC; hamster; 1701; 1 day; comparison of injec. vs. mp infusion.

P0199 Wu,Y.Y., Wei,E.T. Infusions of chemicals into the brain and the development of sustained elevations of blood pressure in the rat. Life Sci. 1982; 30(--):1537-1545. >>> Carbachol chloride; Echothiophate iodide; Histamine dihydrochloride; Prostaglandin E2; Thyrotropin-rel. factor; Saline; CSF/CNS; rat; 1701; 2001; no duration posted; 2001 w/carbachol&echothiophate, 1701 w/histamine, PGE2,&TRH, 7 days; comparison of agents effects.

P0076 Christensen,S. Failure of infusion of prostaglandin A2 to restore the response to antidiuretic hormone in rats with polyuria induced by lithium. J.Endocrinol. 1980; 84(-3-):459-465. >>> Prostaglandin A2; Vasopressin, arginine; Methanol; Propylene glycol; Saline; IV (atrium); rat; 1701; 7 days; comparison of bolus injection vs. infusion; separate&simultaneous infusion of agents; pumps replaced 1-2 times; peptides.

P0026 Pratt,B.R., Butcher,R.L., Inskeep,E.K. Effect of continuous intrauterine administration of prostaglandin E2 on life-span of corpora lutea of nonpregnant ewes. J.Anim.Sci. 1979; 48(-6-):1441-1446. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Ethanol; Sodium phosphate; intrauterine; sheep; 1701; 6 and 7 days; replaced every 7 days until estrus or day 40; tissue perfusion (uterus).

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