References on the Administration of Neurotrophic Factors
Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

1. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor

P7978 Engelhardt,M., Di Cristo,G., Berardi,N., Maffei,L., Wahle,P. Differential effects of NT-4, NGF and BDNF on development of neurochemical architecture and cell size regulation in rat visual cortex during the critical period. European Journal of Neuroscience 2007; 25(-2-):529-540. >>> Nerve growth factor, mouse; NT-4, human recomb.; brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 8 days; Post op. care (antibiotics and local anesthetics); animal info (Long-Evans); dental cement used; 30 G cannula used; tissue perfusion (visual cortex).

R0239 Richardson,R.T., Noushi,F., O'Leary,S. Inner ear therapy for neural preservation. AUDIOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY 2006; 11(-6-):343-356. >>> Nerve groth factor; NT-3; adenovirus; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; perilymph, artificial; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor, acidic; fibroblast growth factor-1; fibroblast growth factor-2; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Ear (cochlea); ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 1,2,4,8 weeks; 15-60, 11-12, 26 days; Comparison of polymers, hydrogels, gene therapy, cell-based therapy, and injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced; no stress (see pg. 350); half-life (p. 344), short in blood; gene therapy; peptides; animal info (deafened); Table 2; "The mini-osmotic pump device is ideally suited to studying the effects of neurotrophic factors in the cochlea experimentally." (p. 350).

P8176 Radeloff,A., Smolders,J.W.T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment does not improve functional recovery after hair cell regeneration in the pigeon. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2006; 126(-5-):452-459. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; albumin, chicken; Hank's solution; Ear (scala tympani); Bird (pigeon); 2002; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment to contralateral ear; long-term study; pumps replaced every 14 days; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; animal info (Columba livia, 6 months old, 320-580 grams); deafening of both ears; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8012 Takahashi,M., Kakita,A., Futamura,T., Watanabe,Y., Mizuno,M., Sakimura,K., Castren,E., Nabeshima,T., Someya,T., Nawa,H. Sustained brain-derived neurotrophic factor up-regulation and sensorimotor gating abnormality induced by postnatal exposure to phencyclidine: comparison with adult treatment. Journal of Neurochemistry 2006; 99(-3-):770-780. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; SC; Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (male, 8 weeks old, Wistar).

P7994 Vavrek,R., Girgis,J., Tetzlaff,W., Hebert,G.W., Fouad,K. BDNF promotes connections of corticospinal neurons onto spared descending interneurons in spinal cord injured rats. Brain 2006; 129(--):1534-1545. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (left motor cortex, intrathecal, cisterna magna); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; SCI (spinal cord injury); dental cement used to secure cannula; NT-3 delivered intrathecally; tissue perfusion (left motor cortex).

P7874 Naert,G., Ixart,G., Tapia-Arancibia,L., Givalois,L. Continuous i.c.v. infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor modifies hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, locomotor activity and body temperature rhythms in adult male rats. Neuroscience 2006; 139(-2-):779-789. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or no treatment; comparison of acute icv injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 782); peptides; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 375g.); mp + tubing primed overnight in 37 celsius saline; telemetric transmitter IP.

P7870 Nakai,S., Matsunaga,W., Ishida,Y., Isobe,K., Shirokawa,T. Effects of BDNF infusion on the axon terminals of locus coeruleus neurons of aging rats. NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH 2006; 54(-3-):213-219. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; antibody, anti-BDNF; brain-derived neurotrophic factor, biotin-labeled; immunoglobulin G; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (frontal cortex); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or IgG; dose-response (fig. 3); ALZET brain infusion kit used; brain tissue distribution; peptides; post op. care (enrofloxacin); animal info (male, F344/N, 13 month old, 19 month old); mp primed 3-6 hours in 37 celsius saline.

P7816 Givalois,L., Naert,G., Tapia-Arancibia,L., Arancibia,S. Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the regulation of hypothalamic somatostatin in vivo. Journal of Endocrinology 2006; 188(-3-):425-433. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or no treatment; comparison of icv injections vs. mp; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 260-280g.); mp primed overnight in 37 celsius saline.

P7592 Imamura,K., Morii,H., Nakadate,K., Yamada,T., Mataga,N., Watanabe,Y., Mori,N. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor enhances expression of superior cervical ganglia clone 10 in lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of developing kittens. European Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 23(-3-):637-648. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Cat (kitten); cat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (ampicillin sodium).

P7765 Richardson,R.T., O'Leary,S., Wise,A., Hardman,J., Clark,G. A single dose of neurotrophin-3 to the cochlea surrounds spiral ganglion neurons and provides trophic support. Hearing Research 2005; 204(-1-2-):37-47. >>> NT-3, recomb. human; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ringer's solution; Ear (scalatympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Comparison of bolus infusion vs. mp; peptides; animal info (adult, pigmented Dunkin-Hartley, 455g.); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7494 Bariohay,B., Lebrun,B., Moyse,E., Jean,A. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays a role as an anorexigenic factor in the dorsal vagal complex. Endocrinology 2005; 146(-12-):5612-5620. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (dorsal vagal complex); Rat; 1002; 15 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (fig. 2); brain tissue distribution; peptides; animal info (male, Wistar, 290 g); cannula placement verified with pontamine blue dye.

P7470 Plantman,S., Novikova,L., Novikov,L., Hammarberg,H., Wallquist,W., Kellerth,J.O., Cullheim,S. Integrin messenger RNAs in the red nucleus after axotomy and neurotrophic administration. NeuroReport 2005; 16(-7-):709-713. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb human; NT-3; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Rat; 1, 3 weeks; Controls recieved no treatment; peptides; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley); spinal hemisection (peripheral axotomy).

P7368 Mohapel,P., Frielingsdorf,H., Haeggblad,J., Zachrisson,O., Brundin,P. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) and brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) induce striatal neurogenesis in adult rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. Neuroscience 2005; 132(-3-):767-776. >>> Platelet-derived growth factor-BB; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; uridine, bromodeoxy-; PBS; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; ALZET brain infusion kit used; neurodegenerative (parkinson's disease); labeling of striatum.

P7352 Scharfman,H., Goodman,J., Macleod,A., Phani,S., Antonelli,C., Croll,S. Increased neurogenesis and the ectopic granule cells after intrahippocampal BDNF infusion in adult rats. Experimental Neurology 2005; 192(-2-):348-356. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (dorsal hilus); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by immunochemistry&residual volume; brain tissue distribution; plastics one cannula; neurogenesis.

P7331 Wise,A.K., Richardson,R., Hardman,J., Clark,G., O'Leary,S. Resprouting and survival of guinea pig cochlear neurons in response to the administration of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 487(-2-):147-165. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; NT-3; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ Ringer's solution; cannula patency ascertained by visual inspection; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7306 Shepherd,R.K., Coco,A., Epp,S.B., Crook,J.M. Chronic depolarization enhances the trophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rescuing auditory neurons following a sensorineural hearing loss. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 486(-2-):145-158. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; perilymph, artificial; Ringer's solution; albumin, recomb. guinea-pig; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ artificial perilymph or untreated contralateral cochlea; functionality of mp verified by residual fluid, cannula connection and patency; no stress (see pg. 155); good methods; peptides; post op. care (carprofen, Baytril); mp primed 36-48 hours in 37 degrees celsius Ringer's solution; Electrode array also inserted into scala tympani; "We observed no evidence of mechanical trauma to cochlea following long-term implantation and AP or BDNF delivery." (p. 155); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7212 Radecki,D.T., Brown,L.M., Martinez,J., Teyler,T.J. BDNF protects against stress-induced impairments in spatial learning and memory and LTP. Hippocampus 2005; 15(-2-):246-253. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb.human; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or PBS or no treatment; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (see pg. 248); brain tissue distribution; peptides; cyanoacrylate adhesive; "Direct hippocampal infusion was used in our studies to maximize the targeting of BDNF within the hippocampus." (p. 251) Memory study.

P7209 Wimmer,C., Mees,K., Stumpf,T., Welsch,U., Reichel,O., Suckfuell,M. Round window application of D-methionine, sodium thiosulfate, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth factor-2 in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2004; 25(-1-):33-40. >>> Methionine, D-; filoblast growth factor 2; thiosulfate, sodium petahydrate; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Water; PBS; Ear (round window membrane); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; mp primed > 12 hours in saline; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P6930 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Marzella,P.L. Delayed neurotrophin treatment supports auditory neuron survival in deaf guinea pigs. NeuroReport 2004; 15(-7-):1121-1125. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4/5; Ear (scala tympani, cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion.

P6890 Liu,I.Y.C., Lyons,W.E., Mamounas,L.A., Thompson,R.F. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays a critical role in contextual fear conditioning. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-36-):7958-7963. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); Mice; 1007D; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (BDNF knockout mice); dose-response (fig. 7); pumps replaced at the end of the 1st week; no stress (see pg. 7960); brain tissue distribution; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); "all mice appeared well groomed and healthy and exhibited no abnormal behaviors in their home cage." (p. 7960).

P6867 Xu,B., Michalski,B., Racine,R.J., Fahnestock,M. The effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) administration on kindling induction, Trk expression and seizure-related morphological changes. Neuroscience 2004; 126(-3-):521-531. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; cytochrome C; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ cytochrome C; comparison of bolus injections vs. mp; ALZET brain infusion kit used.

P6856 Frielingsdorf,H., Schwarz,K., Brundin,P., Mohapel,P. No evidence for new dopaminergic neurons in the adult mammalian substantia nigra. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2004; 101(-27-):10177-10182. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS; Rat; mice; 2002; 2004; 10,21 days; Brain tissue distribution.

P6806 Haninec,P., Dubovy,P., Samal,F., Houstava,L., Stejskal,L. Reinnervation of the rat musculocutaneous nerve stump after its direct reconnection with the C5 spinal cord segment by the nerve graft following avulsion of the ventral spinal roots: a comparison of intrathecal administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and Cerebrolysin. Experimental Brain Research 2004; 159(-4-):425-432. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; cerebrolysin; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit 2 used; C5 ventral root avulsion; "indicating a superior availability and effect of neuron-promoting agents after their continuous intrathecal rather than single or intravenous administration even if their concentrations were lower." (p. 430).

P6770 Canals,J.M., Pineda,J.R., Torres-Peraza,J.F., Bosch,M., Martin-Ibanez,R., Munoz,M.T., Mengod,G., Ernfors,P., Alberch,J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates the onset and severity of motor dysfunction associated with enkephalinergic neuronal degeneration in Huntington's disease. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-35-):7727-7739. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; CSF/CNS (striatum); Mice (transgenic); 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; neurodegenerative (Huntington's disease).

P6458 Olivius,P., Alexandrov,L., Miller,J.M., Ulfendahl,M., Bagger-Sjoebaeck,D., Kozlova,E.N. A model for implanting neuronal tissue into the cochlea. BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS 2004; 12(-3-):152-156. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor Ax1, human; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 21-22 days; Pump replaced on days 11-12; post op. care (cyclosporine, doxycycline); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6440 Matsunaga,W., Shirokawa,T., Isobe,K. BDNF is necessary for maintenance of noradrenergic innervations in the aged rat brain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING 2004; 25(-3-):341-348. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BDNF antibody-; immunoglobulin G; PBS; CSF/CNS (frontal cortex); Rat; 2002; 13-15 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; post op. care (antibiotic for 5 days after operation); cannula secured by dental cementl; BDNF dissolved in PBS (pH 7.4); brain tissue distribution was measured by biotin-labeled BDNF.

P6358 varez-Borda,B., Haripal,B., Nottebohm,F. Timing of brain-derived neurotrophic factor exposure affects life expectancy of new neurons. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2004; 101(-11-):3957-3961. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (high vocal center); Bird (canary); 1007D; 6 days; 23 g guide cannula used; pumps implanted IP with an external catheter; infusion schematic p. 3958.

P6347 Kim,D.H., Jahng,T.A. Continuous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) infusion after methylprednisolone treatment in severe spinal cord injury. Journal of Korean Medical Science 2004; 19(-1-):113-122. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 6 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit; spinal cord injury; behavorial study.

R0227 Gordon,T., Sulaiman,O., Boyd,J.G. Experimental strategies to promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries. JOURNAL OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 2003; 8(-4-):236-250. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (peripheral nerve); Mice; 1 month; dose-response.

P6652 Eisch,A.J., Bolanos,C.A., de Wit,J., Simonak,R.D., Pudiak,C.M., Barrot,M., Verhaagen,J., Nestler,E.J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the ventral midbrain-nucleus accumbens pathway: A role in depression. Biological Psychiatry 2003; 54(-10-):994-1005. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, human recomb.; CSF/CNS (ventral tegmentum); Rat; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ saline; no stress (see pg. 1001); post op. care (penicillin [IM], topical antibiotic); cannula placement and gross morphology verified at end of infusion period.

P6182 Li,L., Xu,Q., Wu,Y., Hu,W., Gu,P., Fu,Z. Combined therapy of methylprednisolone and brain-derived neurotrophic factor promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 2003; 116(-3-):414-418. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2ML2; 1, 3, 7 days; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; 6ul/hr pump used.

P5983 Zou,J., Bretlau,P., Pyykkoe,I., Toppila,E., Olovius,N.P., Stephanson,N., Beck,O., Miller,J.M. Comparison of the protective efficacy of Neurotrophins and antioxidants for vibration-induced trauma. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-3-):155-161. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; tissue perfusion (cochlea); comparison of RWM injections vs. mp; peptides.

P5967 Boyd,J.G., Gordon,T. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor sustain the axonal regeneration of chronically axotomized motoneurons in vivo. Experimental Neurology 2003; 183(-2-):610-619. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; CSF/CNS (tibial nerve); Rat; 2001; 2ML4; 7,28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (nerve repair site); good methods (p. 611,612); silastic cuff used; pumps used for a 1 week and 4 week study.

P5904 Tropea,D., Caleo,M., Maffei,L. Synergistic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and chondroitinase ABC on retinal fiber sprouting after denervation of the superior colliculus in adult rats. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-18-):7034-7044. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (superior collicus); Rat; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ cyctochrome c; peptides.

P5669 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Bartlett,P.F., Marzella,P.L. BDNF-induced survival of auditory neurons in vivo: Cessation of treatment leads to accelerated loss of survival effects. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2003; 71(-6-):785-790. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 4 weeks; Peptides; BDNF was recombinant human; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6243 Viegi,A., Cotrufo,T., Berardi,N., Mascia,L., Maffei,L. Effects of dark rearing on phosphorylation of neurotrophin Trk receptors. European Journal of Neuroscience 2002; 16(-10-):1925-1930. >>> Nerve growth factor; brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; NT-4; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 8 days; Controls received mp w/ cytochrome c; peptides.

P5540 Lalwani,A.K., Han,J.J., Castelein,C.M., Carvalho,G.J., Mhatre,A.N. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the ability of adeno-associated virus-brain-derived neurotrophic factor to enhance spiral ganglion cell survival following ototoxic insult. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(-8-):1325-1334. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, green fluorescent protein; Gene, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1007D; 1 week; Gene therapy; cochlea cannulated with PE10 attached to PE50; virus contained gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and/or green fluorescent protein; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5467 Novikova,L.N., Novikov,L.N., Kellerth,J.O. Differential effects of neurotrophins on neuronal survival and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in adult rats. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2002; 452(-3-):255-263. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 or 5-8 weeks; Peptides.

P5335 Pezet,S., Cunningham,J., Patel,J., Grist,J., Gavazzi,I., Lever,I.J., Malcangio,M. BDNF modulates sensory neuron synaptic activity by a facilitation of GABA transmission in the dorsal horn. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE 2002; 21(-1-):51-62. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 2 weeks; Peptides.

P5268 Novikov,L.N., Novikova,L.N., Mosahebi,A., Wiberg,M., Terenghi,G., Kellerth,J.O. A novel biodegradable implant for neuronal rescue and regeneration after spinal cord injury. Biomaterials 2002/8; 23(-16-):3369-3376. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 8 weeks; Pumps replaced after 2 weeks; peptides; neurotrophin infusion w/ mp compared to biodegradable graft implants containing novel compounds; recomb. human BDNF used.

P5264 Kwon,B.K., Liu,J., Messerer,C., Kobayashi,N.R., McGraw,J., Oschipok,L., Tetzlaff,W. Survival and regeneration of rubrospinal neurons 1 year after spinal cord injury. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S A 2002/3/5; 99(-5-):3246-3251. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; Penicillin; Streptomycin; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (parenchyma); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Peptides; cannula placement confirmed by histological analysis.

P5218 Ikeda,O., Murakami,M., Ino,H., Yamazaki,M., Koda,M., Nakayama,C., Moriya,H. Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on compression- induced spinal cord injury: BDNF attenuates down-regulation of superoxide dismutase expression and promotes up-regulation of myelin basic protein expression. J Neuropathol.Exp.Neurol. 2002/2; 61(-2-):142-153. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; recomb. human BDNF used.

P5141 Scharfman,H.E., Goodman,J.H., Sollas,A.L., Croll,S.D. Spontaneous limbic seizures after intrahippocampal infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Exp.Neurol. 2002/4; 174(--):201-214. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Albumin, bovine serum; PBS; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); rat; 2002; 4 weeks; 14 days; controls received mp with vehicle or BSA; pumps replaced after 2 wks; peptides; brain tissue distribution (p. 205); recombinance human BDNF used; tubing broke off second pump (see p. 202).

P5009 Shinohara,T., Bredberg,G., Ulfendahl,M., Pyykko,I., Olivius,N.P, Kaksonen,R., Lindstrom,B., Altschuler,R., Miller,J.M. Neurotrophic factor intervention restores auditory function in deafened animals. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2002; 99(-3-):1657-1660. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Neomycin;; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 26 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea, scala tympani); pumps replaced at day 15; peptides; catheter filled with perilymph and 10% neomycin; pump filled with vehicle or neurotrophic factor solution; 48-hr infusion of neomycin to cause deafness followed by 12 or 26 day infusion of neurotrophic factor pump reservoir..

P6311 Coumans,J.V., Lin,T.T-S., Dai,H.N., Macarthur,L., McAtee,M., Nash,C., Bregman,B.S. Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Complete Spinal Cord Transection in Rats by Delayed Treatment with Transplants and Neurotropins. The Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 21(-23-):9334-9344. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, human recomb.; NT-3, human recomb.; CSF/CNS (spinal cord, intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; tissue perfusion (fetal spinal cord transplant tissue); good methods p.9335; post op. care (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim).

P5015 Kramer,A., Yang,F.C., Snodgrass,P., Li,X., Scammell,T.E., Davis,F.C., Weitz,C.J. Regulation of daily locomotor activity and sleep by hypothalamic EGF receptor signaling. Science 2001/12/21; 294(-5551-):2511-2515. >>> Transforming growth factor-a; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide; Peptide, histidine-isoleucine; Gastrin releasing peptide; Substance P; Neuromedin-C; Neurokinin A; Neuropeptide K; Neuropeptide Y; Somatostatin; Antrin; Cholecystokinin; Thyrotropin-releasing hormone; Neurotensin; Neuromedin N;; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (third ventricle); hamster; 2002; 18-22 days; peptides.

P4926 Pencea,V., Bingaman,K.D., Wiegand,S.J., Luskin,M.B. Infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor into the lateral ventricle of the adult rat leads to new neurons in the parenchyma of the striatum, septum, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 21(-17-):6706-6717. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; cytochrome C; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 12 days; Functionality of mp verified by detection of neurotrophins by immunohistochemistry; peptides; brain tissue distribution; mouse NGF, human recomb. NT-3 AND NT-4, and human recomb. BDNF used.

P5005 Shoji,F., Miller,A.L., Mitchell,A., Yamasoba,T., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Differential protective effects of neurotrophins in the attenuation of noise-induced hair cell loss. Hearing Research 2000; 146(--):134-142. >>> NT-3; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 12 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); functinality of mp verified by residual volume assessment; peptides; in-house catheter created for tissue perfusion;.

P4751 Maingay,M.G, Sansom,A.J., Kerr,D.W.R, Smith,P.F., Darlington,C.L. The effects of intra-vestibular nucleus administration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on recovery from peripheral vestibular damage in guinea pig.. NeuroReport 2000; 11(-113-):2429-2432. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor;; PBS;; CSF/CNS (vestibular nucleus complex); CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle);; guinea-pig;; 1003D;; 50 hours;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; an obturator was used to seal the cannula when not is use; Alcian blue dye injected into cannula at termination to verify cannula location..

P4747 Kernie,S.G, Liebl,D.J, Parada,L.F. BDNF regulates eating behavior and locomotor activity in mice.. The European Molecular Biology Organization Journal 2000; 19(-6-):1290-1300. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5;; PBS;; CSF/CNS (third ventricle);; mice;; 1002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume after sacrifice; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; brain cannula secured to skull by cyanoacrylate adhesive (Loctite 454); cannula patency verified by methlene blue injection after sacrifice; recomb. human BDNF used; all neurotrophins infused via same pump;.

P4721 Blaha,G.R, Raghupathi,R., Saatman,K.E., McIntosh,T.K. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor administration after traumatic brain injury in the rat does not protect against behavioral or histological deficits.. Neuroscience 2000; 99(-3-):483-493. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor;; PBS;; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); CSF/CNS (cortex);; rat;; 2002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by weight loss (statistically significant) from BDNF; Recombinant human met-BDNF used; 2 studies: 1 infused the hippocampus and 1 infused the cortex; peptides;.

P4687 Galuske,R.A.W., Kim,D.-S, Castren,E., Singer,W. Differential effects of neurotrophins on ocular dominance plasticity in developing and adult cat visual cortex.. European Journal of Neuroscience 2000; 12(--):3315-3330. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor;; PBS; BSA; Cytochrome C;; CSF/CNS (visual cortex);; cat; cat (kitten);; 2001; 2002;; 7, 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 3319) necrosis develops around the tip of the cannulae; 1 week stability of BDNF verified by bioassay; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; brain tissue distribution; 2001 pump model used in kittens; 2002 pump model used in adult cats; location of cannulae placement confirmed at end of experiment by cresyl violet staining;.

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2. Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

P7860 Pun,S., Santos,A.F., Saxena,S., Xu,L., Caroni,P. Selective vulnerability and pruning of phasic motoneuron axons in motoneuron disease alleviated by CNTF. Nature Neuroscience 2006; 9(-3-):408-419. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor, recomb. rat; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; IM (triceps surae); Mice (transgenic); 1002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; peptides; neurodegenerative (motoneuron disease); animal info (Tg G93A SoD1, G85R S0D1).

P7558 Kelleher,M.O., Myles,L.M., Al-Abri,R.K., Glasby,M.A. The use of ciliary neurotrophic factor to promote recovery after peripheral nerve injury by delivering it at the site of the cell body. Acta Neurochirurgica 2006; 148(-1-):55-61. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Sheep; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ physiological saline; no stress (see pg. 57); half-life (pg. 59) 3 minutes in serum; peptides; post op. care (cefuroxime); median nerve transected and repaired; "The adverse cytokine-like side-effects associated with systemic administration of CNTF, namely cough, asthenia, nausea, anorexia and weight loss, aphthous stomatitis and fever were not observed in any of our animals". (pg. 57).

P7339 Yokota,H., Yoshikawa,M., Hirabayashi,H., Nakase,H., Uranishi,R., Nishimura,F., Sugie,Y., Ishizaka,S., Sakaki,T. Expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFR-alpha;) following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Neuroscience Letters 2005; 377(-3-):170-175. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; good methods p. 171; ALZET brain infusion kit.

P6761 McCallister,W.V., McCallister,E.L., Dubois,B., Trumble,T.E. Regeneration along intact nerves using nerve growth factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor. Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 2004; 20(-6-):473-481. >>> Nerve growth factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (peroneal nerve); Rat; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ isotonic saline; peptides; mp primed 24 hours in 37 degrees Celsius saline.

P5990 Ramirez,B.U., Retamal,L., Vergara,C. Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) affects the excitable and contractile properties of innervated skeletal muscles. Biological Research 2003; 36(-3-4-):303-312. >>> Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Forskolin; PBS; BSA; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; control group pumps were implanted and contained saline; experimental groups had either CNTF or forskolin.

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3. Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor

P7483 Chen,Y., Ai,Y., Slevin,J.R., Maley,B.E., Gash,D.M. Progenitor proliferation in the adult hippocampus and substantia nigra induced by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Experimental Neurology 2005; 196(-1-):87-95. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human methionyl; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (striatum); Rat; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 2 month old).

P6801 Iannotti,C., Zhang,Y.P., Shields,C.B., Han,Y.C., Burke,D.A., Xu,X.M. A neuroprotective role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor following moderate spinal cord contusion injury. Experimental Neurology 2004; 189(-2-):317-332. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, alexa S94 dye-conjugated; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 3 weeks; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume and cannula patency; good methods p. 318; brain tissue distribution; spinal cord injury.

P6644 Bergerot,A., Shortland,P.J., Anand,P., Hunt,S.P., Carlstedt,T. Co-treatment with riluzole and GDNF is necessary for functional recovery after ventral root avulsion injury. Experimental Neurology 2004; 187(-2-):359-366. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, isr-met human; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received no treatment to contralateral side.

P6602 Tolbert,D.L., Clark,B.R. GDNF and IGF-I trophic factors delay hereditary Purkinje cell degeneration and the progression of gait ataxia. Experimental Neurology 2003; 183(-1-):205-219. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; insulin-like growth factor I; SC; Rat; 2004; 4,8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; long-term study; pumps replaced at 4 weeks; peptides.

P6592 Dempsey,R.J., Sailor,K.A., Bowen,K.K., Tuereyen,K., Vemuganti,R. Stroke-induced progenitor cell proliferation in adult spontaneously hypertensive rat brain: effect of exogenous IGF-1 and GDNF. Journal of Neurochemistry 2003; 87(-3-):586-597. >>> Insulin-like growth factor-I; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; ischemia (cerebral).

P6506 Nagano,M., Sakai,A., Takahashi,N., Umino,M., Yoshioka,K., Suzuki,H. Decreased expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in rat models of neuropathic pain. British Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 140(-7-):1252-1260. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 9 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (spinal nerve ligation axotomy); post op. care (IP kanamycin sulfate).

P6343 Wang,R., Guo,W., Ossipov,M.H., Vanderah,T.W., Porreca,F., Lai,J. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor normalized neurochemical chances in injured dorsal root ganglion neurons and prevents the expression of experimental neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2003; 121(-3-):815-824. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; spinal nerve ligation injury.

P6221 Hess,B.H., Krewet,J.A., Tolbert,D.L. Olivocerebellar projections are necessary for exogenous trophic factors to delay heredo-Purkinje cell degeneration. Brain Research 2003; 986(-1-2-):54-62. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; insulin-like growth factor I; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline or no treatment; ALZET brain infusion kit used.

R0198 Brundin,P. GDNF treatment in Parkinson's disease: time for controlled clinical trials?. Brain 2002; 125(--):2149-2151. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (dorsal putamen); CSF/CNS; Monkey; ; Neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease).

P5837 Li,S.L., Xu,B., Martin,D., Racine,R.J., Fahnestock,M. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor modulates kindling and activation-induced sprouting in hippocampus of adult rats. Experimental Neurology 2002; 178(-1-):49-58. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Cytochrome C; Citrate butter; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 11 days; Peptides; 7 day recovery from surgery.

P5588 Leffler,A., Cummins,T.R., Dib-Hajj,S.D., Hormuzdiar,W.N., Black,J.A., Waxman,S.G. GDNF and NGF reverse changes in repriming of TTX-sensitive Na+ currents following axotomy of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology 2002; 88(-2-):650-658. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); rat; 7 days; controls received mp with vehicle; peptides; some animals received both agents infused simultaneously by the same pump; delivery was to the lumbar enlargement.

P5858 Ramer,M.S., Bradbury,E.J., McMahon,S.B. Nerve growth factor induces P2X(3) expression in sensory neurons. J Neurochem 2001; 77(-3-):864-875. >>> Nerve growth factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 1 week; Peptides.

P5845 Akkina,S.K., Patterson,C.L., Wright,D.E. GDNF rescues nonpeptidergic unmyelinated primary afferents in streptozotocin-treated diabetic mice. Exp Neurol 2001; 167(-1-):173-182. >>> Nerve growth factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of intrathecal injections vs. mp; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 178, surgical complications); peptides; PE-10 attached to PE-60 tubing; catheter placement verified at sacrifice.

P4887 Issa,P.C., Lever,I.J., Michael,G.J., Bradbury,E.J., Malcangio,M. Intrathecally delivered glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor produces electrically evoked release of somatostatin in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Journal of Neurochemistry 2001; 78(--):221-229. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recombinant human; Saline; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); rat; 2001; 11-13 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; vehicle was saline w/ 0.1% rat serum albumin; neuroprotection; no mention of pump replacement for 11-13 day delivery..

P4798 Kirik,D., Georgievska,B., Rosenblad,C., Bjorklund,A. Delayed infusion of GDNF promotes recovery of motor function in the partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease.. European Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 13(--):1589-1599. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor;; Saline; Serum, rat; Gentamycin;; CSF/CNS (striatum); CSF/CNS;; rat;; 2002;; 4 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); neuroprotection;.

P4850 Tolbert,D.L., Bradley,M.W., Tolod,E.G., Torres-Aleman,I., Clark,B.R. Chronic intraventricular infusion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) rescues some cerebellar Purkinje cells from heredodegeneration. Experimental Neurology 2000; 170(--):375-379. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; CSF/CNS; rat; 2004; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; brain distribution; aging; neuroprotection..

P4769 Ramer,M.S, Priestley,J.V., McMahon,S.B. Functional regeneration of sensory axons into the adult spinal cord.. Nature 2000; 403(--):312-316. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; Brain- derived neurotrophic factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor;; Albumin, rat serum; Saline, sterile;; CSF/CNS (intrathecal);; rat;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; rats had received complete crush injuries of 2-3 cervical dorsal roots (rhizotomized);.

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4. NT-3

P8038 Wilson-Gerwing,T.D., Verge,V.M.K. Neurotrophin-3 attenuates galanin expression in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2006; 141(-4-):2075-2085. >>> NT-3; PBS; albumin, rat serum; streptomycin; penicillin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Post op. care (buprenorphine); animal info (adult, male, wistar, 250-300 grams).

P6706 Paula-Barbosa,M.M., Pereira,P.A., Cadete-Leite,A., Madeira,M.D. NGF and NT-3 exert differential effects on the expression of neuropeptides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of rats withdrawn from ethanol treatment. Brain Research 2003; 983(-1-2-):64-73. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; CSF, artificial; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; dependence; post op. care (local antiseptic); agent was placed in catheter, tubing had an air-oil spacer at pump end, mp contained methylene blue (p.66).

R0194 Mendell,L.M., Arvanian,V.L. Diversity of neurotrophin action in the postnatal spinal cord. BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS 2002; 40(-1-3-):230-239. >>> NT-3; CSF/CNS (nerve); Cat; .

P5854 Xu,B., Michalski,B., Racine,R.J., Fahnestock,M. Continuous infusion of neurotrophin-3 triggers sprouting, decreases the levels of TrkA and TrkC and inhibits epileptogenesis and activity-dependent axonal growth in adult rats. Neuroscience 2002; 115(-4-):1295-1308. >>> NT-3; cytochrome C; PBS; histidine buffer; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Peptides; histidine buffer is composed of 4.5% mannitol, 0.5% sucrose, 10mM histidine; 7 day recovery period.

P5395 Karchewski,L.A., Gratto,K.A., Wetmore,C., Verge,V.M.K. Dynamic patterns of BDNF expression in injured sensory neurons: differential modulation by NGF and NT-3. European Journal of Neuroscience 2002; 16(-8-):1449-1462. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; PBS; albumin, rat serum; streptomycin; penicillin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 7 days; Mouse B-NGF and human recomb. NT-3 used.

P5125 Sayer,F.T., Oudega,M., Hagg,T. Neurotrophins reduce degeneration of injured ascending sensory and corticospinal motor axons in adult rat spinal cord. Experimental Neurology 2002; 175(--):282-296. >>> NT-3; PBS; Dye, toluidine blue; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); rat; 2002; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IT injections vs. mp; pulsed delivery; peptides; pump partially coated w/ paraffin to reduce release rate to 0.2 ul/hr; Lynch coil used to separate agent from dye for verifying cannula patency (p. 285); diagram of pump, catheter and infusion location (p. 284); pump filled with dye vehicle, tubing filled with vehicle or NT-3, mineral oil spacer separated solution in pump from solution in catheter.

R0204 Mendell,L.M., Munson,J.B., Arvanian,V.L. Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity in the mammalian spinal cord. Journal of Physiology 2001; 533.1(--):91-97. >>> NT-3; CSF/CNS (nerve); Cat; 5 weeks.

P5190 Young,C., Miller,E., Nicklous,D.M., Hoffman,J.R. Nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 affect functional recovery foll owing peripheral nerve injury differently. RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2001; 18(--):167-175. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; Saline; acetate; CSF/CNS (Sciatic nerve); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (sciatic nerve); peptides;.

P4857 Wallin,H.J., Danielsen,N., Johnston,J.M., Gratto,K.A., Karchewski,L.A., Verge,V.M.K. Exogenous NT-3 and NGF differentially modulate PACAP expression in adult sensory neurons, suggesting distinct roles in injury and inflammation. European Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 14(--):267-282. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; PBS; Rat serum albumin; Streptomycin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (lumbosacral junction); peptides; Vehicle contained PBS, RSA (1mg/ml), streptomycin (100ug/ml); mouse B-NGF used..

P5537 Lodovichi,C., Berardi,N., Pizzorusso,T., Maffei,L. Effects of neurotrophins on cortical plasticity: same or different?. J.Neurosci. 2000/3/15; 20(-6-):2155-2165. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; cytochrome C; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 1 week; Functionality of mp verified by detection of neurotrophins by immunohistochemistry; peptides; brain tissue distribution; mouse NGF, human recomb. NT-3 AND NT-4, and human recomb. BDNF used.

P4730 Duan,M., Agerman,K, Ernfors,P., Canlon,B. Complementary roles of neurotrophin 3 and a N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in the protection of noise and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.. PNAS 2000; 97(-13-):7597-7602. >>> NT-3; Amikacin;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2ML2;; 15 days;; Antibiotic; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic; Group 1 received amikacin, Group 2 received vehicle, Group 3 received amikacin and NT-3; All treatment groups received drug for 1 day, followed by 2 weeks perilymph;.

P4714 Gillespie,D.C, Crair,M.C, Stryker,M.P. Neurotrophin-4/5 alters responses and blocks the effect of monocular deprivation in cat visual cortex during the critical period.. The Journal of Neuroscience 2000; 20(-24-):9174-9186. >>> NT-4/5; NT-3; Nerve growth factor;; PBS; BSA; Sodium acetate;; CSF/CNS (visual cortex);; cat; cat (kitten);; 1007D; 2001;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 9175) some cannulae were found to be obstructed at the end of experiment; peptides; cannulae patency verified at the end of experiment;.

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5. NT-4-5

P5632 Wahle,P., Di Cristo,G., Schwerdtfeger,G., Engelhardt,M., Berardi,N., Maffei,L. Differential effects of cortical neurotrophic factors on development of lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus neurons: anterograde and retrograde actions. Development 2003; 130(-3-):611-622. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5; brainderived neurotrophic factor; leukemia inhibitory factor; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ cytochrome C; peptides..

P4747 Kernie,S.G, Liebl,D.J, Parada,L.F. BDNF regulates eating behavior and locomotor activity in mice.. The European Molecular Biology Organization Journal 2000; 19(-6-):1290-1300. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5;; PBS;; CSF/CNS (third ventricle);; mice;; 1002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume after sacrifice; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; brain cannula secured to skull by cyanoacrylate adhesive; cannula patency verified by methlene blue injection after sacrifice; recomb. human BDNF used; all neurotrophins infused via same pump;.

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6. Nerve Growth Factor

P8023 Niewiadomska,G., Baksalerska-Pazera,M., Gasiorowska,A., Mietelska,A. Nerve growth factor differentially affects spatial and recognition memory in aged rats. Neurochemical Research 2006; 31(-12-):1481-1490. >>> Nerve growth factor, beta; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 1 month; ALZET brain infusion kit used; post op. care (antibiotic and analgesic to scalp + fluid therapy); silastic tubing used; 28 G cannula.

P7728 Frielingsdorf,H., Thal,L.J., Pizzo,D.P. The septohippocampal cholinergic system and spatial working memory in the Morris water maze. Behavioural Brain Research 2006; 168(-1-):37-46. >>> Nerve growth factor, recomb. human; CSF, artificial; gentamicin; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; cannula placement confirmed by cresyl violet staining; peptides; animal info (male, Fisher 344, 13-14 wk. old, medial septum lesion, 400g); mp primed 2 days in 37 Celsius saline.

P7582 Cardoso,A., Paula-Barbosa,M.M., Lukoyanov,N.V. Reduced density of neuropeptide Y neurons in the somatosensory cortex of old male and female rats: Relation to cholinergic depletion and recovery after nerve growth factor treatment. Neuroscience 2006; 137(-3-):937-948. >>> Dye, methylene blue; nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or sham surgery; functionality of mp verified by pretesting; Alzet brain infusion kit used; post op. care (antiseptic); animal info (male, female, Wistar 6 month old, 24 month old); Lynch coil filled with NGF, air-oil spacer between mp and catheter, mp filled with dye.

P7365 Jakubowska-Dogru,E., Guemuesbas,U. Chronic intracerebroventricular NGF administration improves working memory in young adult memory deficient rats. Neuroscience Letters 2005; 382(-1-2-):45-50. >>> Nerve growth factor, recomb. rat; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; memory; behavioral study.

P7289 Pereira,P.A., Cardoso,A., Paula-Barbosa,M.M. Nerve growth factor restores the expression of vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of aged rats. Brain Research 2005; 1048(-1-2-):123-130. >>> Nerve growth factor; dye, methylene blue; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Functionality of mp verified by pretesting delivery rate; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; post op. care (SC saline, local antiseptic); mp filled with Methylene blue, air-oil spacer at tubing connection, tubing filled with NGF; Lynch coil; "Because there is evidence that the surgical procedure does not interfere with the structure of SCN, vehicle - treated rats were not included in this study." (p. 124).

P7244 Obata,K., Katsura,H., Mizushima,T., Yamanaka,H., Kobayashi,K., Dai,Y., Fukuoka,T., Tokunaga,A., Tominaga,M., Noguchi,K. TRPA1 induced in sensory neurons contributes to cold hyperalgesia after inflammation and nerve injury. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2005; 115(-9-):2393-2401. >>> SB203580; antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; oligodeoxynucleotide, FITC antisense; oligodeoxynucleotide, missense; DMSO; saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or sham surgery or mismatch ODN or contralateral no treatment; antisense (TRPA1); brain tissue distribution; 50% DMSO.

P7008 DeKosky,S.T., Abrahamson,E.E., Taffe,K.M., Dixon,C.E., Kochanek,P.M., Ikonomovic,M.D. Effects of post-injury hypothermia and nerve growth factor infusion on antioxidant enzyme activity in the rat: implications for clinical therapies. Journal of Neurochemistry 2004; 90(-4-):998-1004. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 1,3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stability verified by increased ChAT activity.

P6996 Bruno,M.A., Clarke,P.B.S., Seltzer,A., Quirion,R.M., Burgess,K., Cuello,A.C., Saragovi,H.U. Long-lasting rescue of age-associated deficits in cognition and the CNS cholinergic phenotype by a partial agonist peptidomimetic ligand of TrkA. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-37-):8009-8018. >>> Nerve growth factor; D3; dye, methylene blue; CSF, artificial, buffered; saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by infusion volume (pg. 8011); no stress (see pg. 8012); ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; used air-oil spacer in PE tubing at pump end, PE tubing used in coil for D3 mp filled with dye; D3 is a peptidomimetic which binds TrKA.

P6922 Chen,J.R., Wang,Y.J., Tseng,G.F. The effects of decompression and exogenous NGF on compressed cerebral cortex. Journal of Neurotrauma 2004; 21(-11-):1640-1651. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Used coiled PE tubing (Lynch coil).

P6451 Seki,S., Sasaki,K., Igawa,Y., Nishizawa,O., Chancellor,M.B., De Groat,W.C., Yoshimura,N. Suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by immunoneutralization of nerve growth factor in lumbosacral spinal cord in spinal cord injured rats. Journal of Urology 2004; 171(-1-):478-482. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; spinal cord injury; PE-10 used for catheterization.

P6354 Harrington,A.W., Leiner,B., Blechschmitt,C., Arevalo,J.C., Lee,R., Moerl,L., Meyer,M., Hempstead,B.L., Yoon,S.O., Giehl,K.M. Secreted proNGF is a pathophysiological death-inducing ligand after adult CNS injury. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2004; 101(-16-):6226-6230. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor, neutralizing mouse; serum; immunoglobulin-G; penicillin; streptomycin; PBS; CSF/CNS (cortex); Rat; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle.

P6679 Castellanos,M.R., Aguiar,J., Fernandez,C.I., Almaguer,W., Mejias,C., Varela,A. Evaluation of the neurorestorative effects of the murine beta-nerve growth factor infusions in old rat with cognitive deficit. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2003; 312(-4-):867-872. >>> Nerve growth factor, beta, murine; Saline; CSF/CNS (parenchyma); CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Comparison of ICV infusion vs. intraparenchymal infusion.

P6075 Cahill,C.M., Dray,A., Coderre,T.J. Intrathecal nerve growth factor restores opioid effectiveness in an animal model of neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45(-4-):543-552. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; IT catheter was PE-10 to PE-60; behavioral testing.

P6065 DeCouto,S.A., Jones,E.E., Kudwa,A.E., Shoemaker,S.E., Shafer,A.J., Brieschke,M.A., James,R., Vaughn,J.C., Isaacson,L.G. The effects of deafferentation and exogenous NGF on neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptor mRNA expression in the adult superior cervical ganglion. MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH 2003; 119(-1-):73-82. >>> Cytochrome C; nerve growth factor; Acetic acid; bisbenzimide; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by labeling of the ependymyl lining of the lateral and 3rd ventricles with 0.1% bisbenzimide; post op. care (acetaminophen suspension drops (80mg/day) in a cheese puff); 0.05 acetic acid used for vehicle.

P5993 Lukoyanov,N.V., Pereira,P.A., Paula-Barbosa,M.M., Cadete-Leite,A. Nerve growth factor improves spatial learning and restores hippocampal cholinergic fibers in rats withdrawn from chronic treatment with ethanol. Experimental Brain Research 2003; 148(-1-):88-94. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; behavioral study.

P5968 Melchior,B., Nerriere-Daguin,V., Laplaud,D.A., Remy,S., Wiertlewski,S., Neveu,I., Naveilhan,P., Meakin,S.O., Brachet,P. Ectopic expression of the TrkA receptor in adult dopaminergic mesencephalic neurons promotes retrograde axonal NGF transport and NGF-dependent neuroprotection. Experimental Neurology 2003; 183(-2-):367-378. >>> Nerve growth factor; Saline; Sodium bicarbonate; potassium chloride; KH2; P04; calcium chloride; magnesium chloride; sodium sulfate; glucose; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease); NGF was recomb. human.

P5965 Cadete-Leite,A., Pereira,P.A., Madeira,M.D., Paula-Barbosa,M.M. Nerve growth factor prevents cell death and induces hypertrophy of basil forebrain cholinergic neurons in rats withdrawn from prolonged ethanol intake. Neuroscience 2003; 119(-4-):1055-1069. >>> Nerve growth factor; dye, methylene blue; CSF; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; good methods p. 1057; ALZET brain infusion kit 1 used; peptides; post op. care (sc injection of saline and cortrimoxazol); lynch coil used; air bubble used to separate vehicle and agent/vehicle; pump contained dye.

P5915 Calza,L., Giuliani,A., Fernandez,M., Pirondi,S., D'Intino,G., Aloe,L., Giardino,L. Neural stem cells and cholinergic neurons: Regulation by immunolesion and treatment with mitogens, retinoic acid, and nerve growth factor. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES O F AMERICA 2003; 100(-12-):7325-7330. >>> Epidermal growth factor; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Nerve growth factor; PBS, sterile; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 28; Controls received mp w/ aCSF; pumps replaced every 14 days for 28 days; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; behavioral study; NGF dissolved in PBS; EGF&FGF were infused for 14 days, followed by a 14 day infusion of NGF; stem cell related study.

P3678 Krenz,N.R., Meakin,S.O., Krassioukov,A.V., Weaver,L.C. Neutralizing intraspinal nerve growth factor blocks autonomic dysreflexia caused by spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 2003; 19(-17-):7405-7414. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; Antibody, Immunoglobulin G; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); knee (articular cavity); Rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; spinal cord injury; PE-10 intrathecal catheter tubing was perforated along its length and tip was sealed; PE-100 catheter used for knee joint infusion.

R0174 Ray,S.K., Dixon,C.E., Banik,N.L. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury. Histology and Histopathology 2002; 17(-4-):1137-1152. >>> Nerve growth factor; ; Peptides; "However, delivery of NGF into the brain is difficult because the active, beta component of the molecule is large and polar, and cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. By use of intracerebroventricular infusions or intermitent injections, NGF was successfully delivered into the CSF of rodents." (p. 51-52); neurodegenerative.

P6637 Van der Zee,C.E.E.M., Hagg,T. Delayed NGF Infusion Fails to Reverse Axotomy-Induced Degeneration of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons In Adult P75LNTR-Deficient Mice. Neuroscience 2002; 110(-4-):641-651. >>> Nerve growth factor-beta; CSF/CNS (ipsilateral septum); Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides.

P6220 Pizzo,D.P., Winkler,J., Sidiqi,I., Waite,J.J., Thal,L.J. Modulation of sensory inputs and ectopic presence of Schwann cells depend upon the route and duration of nerve growth factor administration. Experimental Neurology 2002; 178(-1-):91-103. >>> Nerve growth factor, recomb. human; cytochrome c; PBS; CSF/CNS; CSF/CNS (nucleus basalis magnocellularis); Rat; 2004; 3,6 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 4 weeks; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 98) minor inflammatory response at cannulation site; brain tissue distribution; peptides.

P5870 Shoemaker,S.E., Kudwa,A.E., Isaacson,L.G. Sympathetic in growth to the trigeminal ganglion following intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor. Brain Research 2002; 956(-1-):136-148. >>> Nerve growth factor; Cytochrome C; Acetic acid; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified; peptides; "accuracy of pump placement was monitored by inclusion of 0.1% bisbenzimide in the infusate&visualization of fluorescence of the ependymal venticular lining" (p. 138).

P5494 Hirata,A., Masaki,T., Motoyoshi,K., Kamakura,K. Intrathecal administration of nerve growth factor delays GAP 43 expression and early phase regeneration of adult rat peripheral nerve. Brain Research 2002; 944(-1-2-):146-156. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 3-11days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides.

P5477 Shoemaker,S.E., Isaacson,L.G. Evidence that nerve growth factor mediates the formation of sensory pericellular baskets in the rat trigeminal ganglion. Neuroscience Letters 2002; 331(-3-):183-187. >>> Nerve growth factor; cytochrome C; Bisbenzimide; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume and addition of bisbenzimide in vehicle. Fluorescence of the ependymal lining of the ventricular system indicated successful delivery.

P5469 Seki,S., Sasaki,K., Fraser,M.O., Igawa,Y., Nishizawa,O., Chancellor,M.B., De Groat,W.C., Yoshimura,N. Immunoneutralization of nerve growth factor in the lumbosacral spinal cord reduces bladder hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured rats. Journal of Urology 2002; 168(-5-):2269-2274. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 11-14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides.

P5456 Kudwa,A.E., Shoemaker,S.E., Crutcher,K.A., Isaacson,L.G. Evidence for reduced accumulation of exogenous neurotrophin by aged sympathetic neurons. Brain Research 2002; 948(-1-2-):24-32. >>> Nerve growth factor; cytochrome C; Acetic acid; bisbenzimide; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Peptides; bisbenzimide is a fluorescent marker.

P5265 Rossi,F.M., Sala,R., Maffei,L. Expression of the nerve growth factor receptors TrkA and p75NTR in the visual cortex of the rat: development and regulation by the cholinergic input. J Neurosci. 2002/2/1; 22(-3-):912-919. >>> Nerve growth factor; Cytochrome C; Saline; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Peptides; One group of animals implanted w/ 2 pumps (one containing NGF, one containing Cytochrome C).

R0218 Miwa,T, Moriizumi,T, Horikawa,I, Uramoto,N., Ishimaru,T. Role of Nerve Growth Factor in the Olfactory System. Microscopy Res.and Tech. 2001; 58(--):197-203. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; CSF/CNS (olfactory bulb); Mice; 2004; 28 days; ALZET pumps mentioned on pg. 200.

P4992 Zhou,S.M., Cao,J.M., Tebb,Z.D., Ohara,T., Huang,H.L.A., Omichi,C., Lee,M.H., Kenknight,B.H., Chen,L.S., Fishbein,M.C., Karagueuzian,H.S., Chen,P.S. Modulation of QT interval by cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmia in a canine model of sudden cardiac death. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 2001; 12(--):1068-1073. >>> Nerve growth factor; Saline; Albumin, bovine serum; CSF/CNS (stellate ganglion); dog; 2ML4; 5 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (left and right stellate ganglion); cardiovascular; peptides; vehicle was saline with 0.1% bovine serum albumin.

P4928 Cooper,J.D., Salehi,A., Delcroix,J.D., Howe,C.L., Belichenko,P.V., Chua-Couzens,J., Kilbridge,J.F., Carlson,E.J., Epstein,C.J., Mobley,W.C. Failed retrograde transport of NGF in a mouse model of Down's syndrome : Reversal of cholinergic neurodegenerative phenotypes following NGF infusion. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2001; 98(-18-):10439-10444. >>> Nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; mice; 1002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); Down's Syndrome.

P5538 Oudega,M., Rosano,C., Sadi,D., Wood,P.M., Schwab,M.E., Hagg,T. Neutralizing antibodies against neurite growth inhibitor NI-35/250 do not promote regeneration of sensory axons in the adult rat spinal cord. Neuroscience 2000; 100(-4-):873-883. >>> Nerve growth factor-beta; PBS; albumin, rat serum; gentamycin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Lynch coil technique; solution loaded into coil reservoir and separated from a blue colored fluid in pump by mineral oil; flow rate reduced by half by partial coating of pump w/ paraffin; cannula patency confirmed by movement of blue-colored fluid into the coiled tubing.

P5103 Oudega,M, Rosano,C, Sadi,D, Wood,P.M., Schwab,M.E., Hagg,T. Neutralizing antibodies against neurite growh inhibitor NI-35/250 do not promote regeneration of sensory axons in the adult rat spinal cord. Neuroscience 2000; 100(-4-):873-883. >>> Dantrolene; Nerve growth factor, B-; PBS; Albumin, rat serum; Gentamicin; CSF/CNS (dorsal spinal cord, intrathecal); rat; 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by noting advance of colored fluid in catheter (p. 875); peptides; pumps coated with paraffin to reduce flow rate to 0.2 ul/hr; Lynch coil used; infusion solutions and blue-colored pump fluid separated by oil spacer; patency of device confirmed by passage of blue fluid into coils.

P4731 Everill,B, Kocsis,J.D. Nerve growth factor maintains potassium conductance after nerve injury in adult cutaneous afferent dorsal root ganglion neurons.. Neuroscience 2000; 100(-2-):417-422. >>> Nerve growth factor;; Saline;; CSF/CNS (sciatic nerve);; rat;; 2002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; tissue perfusion (sciatic nerve); mouse NGF used;.

P4715 Gu,Z, Toliver-Kinsky,T, Glasgow,J, Werrbach-Perez,K, Perez-Polo,J.R. NGF-mediated alteration of NF-kappa-B binding activity after partial immunolesions to rat cholinergic basal forebrain neurons.. Int.J.Devl.Neuroscience 2000; 18(--):455-468. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor;; PBS;; CSF/CNS;; rat;; 2002;; 2 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

P4662 Hao,J.-X, Ebendal,T, Xu,X.-J., Wiesenfeld-Hallin,Z., Jonhagen,M.E. Intracerebroventricular infusion of nerve growth factor induces pain-like response in rats.. Neuroscience Letters 2000; 283(--):208-212. >>> Nerve growth factor; Cytochrome C;; CSF/CNS (parenchyma, cortex, striatum, septum, ventricle);; rat;; 2002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ Cytochrome C; peptides; silicone tubing used to connect cannula to pump..

P4347 Lara,H.E., Dissen,G.A., Leyton,V., Paredes,A., Fuenzalida,H., Fiedler,J.L., Ojeda,S.R. An increased intraovarian synthesis of nerve growth factor and its low affinity receptor is a principal component of steroid-induced polycystic ovary in the rat. Endocrinology 2000; 141(-3-):1059-1072. >>> Antibody, nerve growth factor, polyclonal; Oligonucleotide, antisense phosphothionate;; Intraovarian;; rat;; 2ML4;; 56 days;; controls received mp with preimmune serum; tissue perfusion (bursa of ovary); long-term study, pumps replaced after 28 days; peptides; antisense; agents infused from same pump;.

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References on the Administration of Neurotrophic Factors Using ALZET® Osmotic Pumps

1. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor

2. Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

3. Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor

4. NT-3

5. NT-4-5

6. Nerve Growth Factor

Sterile Catheter Tubing for Infusion Studies

References on the Administration of Neurotrophic Factors
Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps